These gamma rays work their way out from the core of the Sun and are released as sunlight. This collision results in the formation of a helium-3 nucleus and a gamma ray. A third proton collides with the formed deuterium. This resulting proton-neutron pair that forms sometimes is known as deuterium. Along with the transformation into a neutron, a positron and neutrino are formed. Most of the time the pair breaks apart again, but sometimes one of the protons transforms into a neutron via the weak nuclear force. A visual representation of this process is shown in Figure 1. The overall process of proton-proton fusion within the Sun can be broken down into several simple steps. The rest of the Sun is heated by energy transferred outward from the core. It is important to note that the core is the only part of the Sun that produces any significant amount of heat through fusion (it contributes about 99%). The resulting energy is radiated out from the core of the Sun and moves across the solar system. This fusion process occurs inside the core of the Sun, and the transformation results in a release of energy that keeps the sun hot. Inside the Sun, this process begins with protons (which is simply a lone hydrogen nucleus) and through a series of steps, these protons fuse together and are turned into helium. The specific type of fusion that occurs inside of the Sun is known as proton-proton fusion. The energy from the Sun - both heat and light energy - originates from a nuclear fusion process that is occurring inside the core of the Sun. The proton-proton fusion process that is the source of energy from the Sun.
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